Final answer:
The 'apple-shaped' body type is not linked with 'obesity that is due to genetic causes' (A), since obesity is usually a result of a combination of factors, including genetics, but not determined solely by body shape.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 'apple-shaped' body type is not linked with an increased risk of obesity that is due to genetic causes (A).Being "apple shaped" refers to a body fat distribution where most of the excess body fat is stored in the abdomen as opposed to the hips. This form of fat distribution is often associated with higher risks of a number of health problems including cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers.
However, the direct cause of obesity is typically a combination of dietary, lifestyle, and genetic factors; obesity consequent to purely genetic causes is therefore not directly increased by being 'apple shaped.' While waist-to-hip ratio, a measure of body fat distribution, is used to assess risk for these conditions, it does not suggest causation of obesity by genetic factors alone.