Final answer:
Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), also known as vitamin B6, is the coenzyme required for over 100 transamination reactions in amino acid metabolism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The vitamin coenzyme required for over 100 reactions related to transamination of amino acids is pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), commonly known as vitamin B6. This coenzyme is essential for the activity of aminotransferase enzymes, which catalyze the transfer of amino groups from one amino acid to another, facilitating the synthesis of new amino acids necessary for various metabolic processes.
Some related compounds, such as Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), and Coenzyme A (CoA), play critical roles in different metabolic reactions. For instance, FAD is involved in oxidation-reduction reactions, NAD+ acts as an electron carrier in many such reactions, and CoA is essential in biochemical reactions like the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids.