Final answer:
Sexism refers to prejudiced beliefs that value one sex over another, and it can manifest in gender role expectations and biases against women. This form of discrimination can influence hiring practices and employment opportunities. Many sociologists study institutional discrimination built into the social structure.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sexism refers to prejudiced beliefs that value one sex over another. It can take the form of men holding biases against women. Sexism includes gender role expectations and people's expectations for how members of a gender group should behave. For example, women are expected to be friendly, passive, and nurturing, and when they behave in a different manner, they may face backlash for violating gender norms. Sexism can exist on a societal level, influencing hiring practices and employment opportunities. It should be noted that discrimination based on sex occurs at both the micro- and macro-levels, and many sociologists focus on institutional discrimination built into the social structure.