Final answer:
The correct answer to the student's question about local area's short-term temperature, precipitation, and humidity is b) Weather.
Step-by-step explanation:
The short-term temperature, precipitation, and humidity in a local area are referred to as weather. In contrast, climate describes the long-term average weather patterns in an area, while biomes are major ecological communities classified mainly according to predominant vegetation and characterized by adaptations of organisms to that particular environment. Ecosystems are communities of living organisms and the non-living components of their environment interacting as a system.
Lastly, currents relate to the movements of water in the world's seas and the air in the atmosphere. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is b) Weather.