Final answer:
Distributive justice deals with the fair allocation of goods, services, and wealth, aiming to ensure equitable opportunities and resources for all members of society (a).
Step-by-step explanation:
Distributive justice focuses on treating people fairly regardless of personal characteristics. This concept is concerned with the fair distribution of goods, services, and wealth within a society, aiming to ensure that all members have what they need or what they deserve, based on different principles of justice.
Whereas other forms of justice, like retributive or restorative, are concerned with addressing wrongdoing after it occurs, distributive justice seeks to set a fair standard beforehand. Philosophers like John Rawls have contributed significantly to this field with theories proposing various principles of how justice can be achieved in society. A critical element of distributive justice is the principle that everyone should have the opportunity for a decent standard of living, and this might mean different things in different societies, depending on their social, economic, and cultural contexts.