Final answer:
Cultural values, including universalism and benevolence, are the concepts that best fit the description given in the question. Universalism is about appreciating and protecting all peoples and nature, while benevolence is about caring for those in one's personal life. These are core values that oppose the concept of ethnocentrism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject matter in question pertains to cultural values, which include universalism and benevolence. The main answer to the student's question is that these concepts are part of cultural values. Universalism implies an understanding, appreciation, tolerance, and protection for the welfare of all people and for nature. Benevolence focuses on the preservation and enhancement of the welfare of people with whom one has frequent personal contact.In philosophy, this is recognized by emphasizing the societal over the individual, communitarian values, and respect for human rights within cultures. Ethnocentrism, the belief that one's own culture is inherently superior to others, is at odds with the values of universalism and benevolence. Instead, fostering cultural values supportive of social justice and equity necessitates acknowledging the worth and contributions of diverse cultures to a more harmonious and just society.