Final answer:
The correct instruction for the use of a transdermal nitroglycerin patch is to change it every 24 hours at the same time daily, apply it to a clean, dry, and hairless skin area, and not to remove it during chest pain episodes for immediate relief.
Step-by-step explanation:
When providing discharge teaching for a client who has a prescription for a transdermal nitroglycerin patch, it is important to include accurate instructions to ensure the medication is effective and to minimize side effects. The correct instruction to give to the client is to change the patch every 24 hours at the same time each day. The patch should be applied to a clean, dry, and hairless area of the skin to ensure proper absorption.
Sites that are commonly recommended include the chest, back, or upper arm, but it should not be applied to skin that is irritated or has visible signs of previous skin irritation from patches. Areas with excessive hair should be avoided, or the hair should be clipped (not shaved) before applying the patch. It is also important to note that the patch should not be removed during episodes of chest pain for immediate relief because it does not work in this manner; instead, immediate-release nitroglycerin should be used as prescribed for relief of acute angina.