Final answer:
Smith-Magenis Syndrome is associated with a deletion on chromosome 17 and results in distinct facial features, developmental delay, and behavioral issues. It is an example of a genetic disorder due to chromosomal structural rearrangements, similar to cri-du-chat syndrome, which involves a deletion on chromosome 5.
Step-by-step explanation:
Smith-Magenis Syndrome (SMS) is a developmental disorder that affects many parts of the body. It is a rare condition characterized by a distinctive pattern of physical, behavioral, and developmental features. The most common cause of SMS is a deletion on chromosome 17, specifically a missing piece on the short (p) arm of the chromosome. Individuals with SMS often exhibit facial features such as a broad square-shaped face, deep-set eyes, and a prominent jaw. Furthermore, the syndrome is known for developmental delay, intellectual disability, and behavioral problems, including sleep disturbances, attention deficit disorder, and self-harming behaviors.
Chromosomal structural rearrangements refer to alterations in the structure and integrity of chromosomes, like deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations. These rearrangements can disrupt the genes located on the chromosomes, leading to various genetic disorders, such as SMS and cri-du-chat syndrome. In the case of cri-du-chat syndrome, a deletion occurs on the short arm of chromosome 5, resulting in a distinctive cat-like cry in affected infants and additional developmental and health challenges.