Question

What is the byproduct of glucose and glycogen metabolism in anaerobic muscle energetics?

a. Carbon dioxide
b. Lactic acid
c. Water
d. ATP

Answer 1

Lactic acid is the byproduct of glucose and glycogen metabolism in anaerobic muscle energetics. The correct option is b. Lactic acid

Step-by-step explanation:

During anaerobic muscle energetics, when the demand for energy exceeds the oxygen supply, glucose and glycogen are metabolized through a process called glycolysis. Glycolysis converts glucose or glycogen into pyruvate, which can then be further metabolized to produce ATP.

In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate is converted into lactic acid through a process called lactic acid fermentation. This allows glycolysis to continue generating ATP even without oxygen. Lactic acid is considered the byproduct of glucose and glycogen metabolism in anaerobic muscle energetics.

Lactic acid accumulation can lead to muscle fatigue and the burning sensation felt during intense exercise. Once oxygen becomes available again, lactic acid can be converted back into pyruvate and further metabolized through aerobic respiration.

In summary, during anaerobic muscle energetics, the byproduct of glucose and glycogen metabolism is lactic acid.

Answer 2

The byproduct of anaerobic glucose and glycogen metabolism in muscle cells is lactic acid, as oxygen is insufficient and pyruvate is converted to lactic acid rather than undergoing the full aerobic respiration process to yield carbon dioxide and water.

Step-by-step explanation:

The byproduct of glucose and glycogen metabolism in anaerobic muscle energetics is lactic acid. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down to pyruvate. If oxygen is not available, such as during high-intensity exercise, this pyruvate is then converted into lactic acid. Hence, the correct answer is b. Lactic acid.

On the other hand, aerobic respiration involves the complete breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. Approximately 95 percent of the ATP required for resting or moderately active muscles comes from this process, which occurs in the mitochondria.