Final answer:
The study of bone is known as Osteology, which is the correct answer to the student's question. Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become weak and brittle due to an imbalance in bone resorption and bone formation, often caused by increased activity of osteoclasts relative to osteoblasts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The study of bone is called Osteology. Option A) Osteology is the correct answer. Osteology is the scientific study of bones, including their structure, function, and diseases like osteoporosis. On the other hand, Osteoporosis and Osteopenia are conditions where the bones become weak, with the former being more severe. Osteopathy is a type of alternative medicine that emphasizes physical manipulation of muscle tissue and bones.
Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by a decrease in bone mass and increased fragility of bones. This occurs when the balance between bone resorption and bone formation is disrupted, often due to more active osteoclasts compared to osteoblasts. Osteoblasts are the cells responsible for forming bone, whereas osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption. The imbalance leads to a net loss of bone, increased bone thinning, and subsequently a higher risk of fractures.