Final answer:
The two c. motions a party can file if they believe the jury verdict in a civil trial is contrary to the weight of evidence are a motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict (JNOV) and a motion for a new trial.
Step-by-step explanation:
After a civil trial where the party believes the jury verdict is contrary to the weight of the evidence, that party may file two types of motions: a motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict (JNOV) and a motion for a new trial. A JNOV, also known as a motion for judgment as a matter of law (JMOL) in some jurisdictions, asks the court to overturn the jury's verdict on the grounds that the jury could not have reasonably reached its verdict based on the evidence presented.
A motion for a new trial, on the other hand, asks the court to order a new trial due to issues such as errors in the trial process, newly discovered evidence, or that the verdict was contrary to the weight of the evidence. Both these motions are filed after the verdict but before the judgment is entered. They serve as legal remedies for the losing party to contest the jury's decision.