Final answer:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by lack of insulin secretion, type 2 diabetes mellitus by insulin resistance, and gestational diabetes may involve insulin resistance or lack of insulin but is not specifically characterized by early gluconeogenesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The characterization of different types of diabetes can be matched as follows:
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus: This condition is characterized by a lack of insulin secretion due to the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus: This form is primarily associated with insulin resistance, where the body's cells become less responsive to insulin. It may also involve a secondary reduction in insulin secretion.
- Gestational diabetes mellitus: It is typically diagnosed during pregnancy and may involve mechanisms seen in type 1 or type 2 diabetes, including insulin resistance or insufficient insulin secretion. However, early gluconeogenesis is not a standard characterization for this type of diabetes.