Final answer:
Longfellow characterizes the British regulars as strictly disciplined, outfitted in bright uniforms, and disciplined to ensure order. However, they were also portrayed as vulnerable and exposed in the face of guerrilla tactics by American militias, like during the road from Concord to Boston, and in the face of unexpected resistance such as the skirmish at Lexington.
Step-by-step explanation:
How does Longfellow characterize the British regulars? According to historical accounts, the British regulars, also known as the Old Regulars, were characterized by their strict discipline, bright uniforms to showcase bravery, and vulnerability on the battlefield. The strict discipline was rooted in their origin from the poorer classes and the harsh measures taken to keep soldiers in line, including lethal force from their own officers if they stepped out of line during engagements. Notably, during the battles on the road from Concord to Boston, the British regulars were confined to narrow roads and exposed to militia fire, unable to take cover or retreat effectively, revealing a sense of brittleness under pressure as they faced maneuvers they could not outpace or evade.
Additionally, an account from a British soldier at Lexington describes a moment where colonists fired upon the British soldiers who had no intention of injuring them but were merely inquiring why they were assembled. This response led to a grave situation for the British, as they returned fire and killed several colonists. Furthermore, in another engagement, Colonel Smith noted that his troops were exposed and lacked cover from enemy fire while being attacked by the militia and minutemen. This portrayal of the British regulars suggests they were not only disciplined and outfitted for war but also found themselves in dire situations when confronted by an adaptive and informed militia.