Final answer:
Carry-over effects are a disadvantage of repeated-measures ANOVA because the same subjects are used in all conditions, potentially affecting outcomes. The correct answer is: d. There can be carry-over effects from one condition/trial to the next.
Step-by-step explanation:
A disadvantage of using a repeated-measures ANOVA is that there can be carry-over effects from one condition/trial to the next. Unlike a one-way ANOVA where each group is independent, repeated-measures ANOVA involves the same subjects across all conditions, which can result in issues such as practice effects or fatigue that may affect the outcome of subsequent conditions. This is significantly different from one-way ANOVA, where the assumption is that samples are randomly selected and independent. The correct answer is:d. There can be carry-over effects from one condition/trial to the next. A disadvantage of using a repeated-measures ANOVA is the potential for carry-over effects. In repeated-measures designs, participants are measured under different conditions or at different time points. The order or experience in one condition/trial might influence the subsequent conditions/trials, leading to carry-over effects. This can be a concern in experimental designs where the order of conditions may impact the results, potentially confounding the interpretation of the effects.