Final answer:
The theoretical school that views the goal of states as solely based on security is called realism. It emphasizes state-centric policies that focus on maintaining state security and power in an international system characterized by mistrust and competition.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theoretical school that envisions the goal of states only in terms of security is known as realism. Realism is a theory of international relations that primarily focuses on states acting to preserve their own safety and security. It posits that the main goal of the state is to protect itself and maintain power. According to realism, states operate within a system that challenges them to determine policy initiatives with a go-it-alone attitude, aiming solely to ensure their safety and survival in an anarchical international environment.
Realist thinking is based on the idea that because states cannot trust one another, they often withhold information about their goals and aspirations to prevent other states from exploiting them. This atmosphere of distrust is pervasive in international relationships, fostering policies that emphasize security and power rather than cooperation or transparency. The security dilemma is a central concept in realism, whereby states acting to increase their own security can inadvertently threaten other states, leading to increased tensions and potential conflict.