Final answer:
By the age of 6, most children have developed their self-concept, which is their understanding of who they are in relation to others and their abilities. This sense of self is foundational for their confidence and motivation, and it continues to develop as they grow into adolescence.
Step-by-step explanation:
By the age of 6 years, most children have developed their self-concept. Self-concept is an individual's understanding of who they are, which begins to form significantly during the elementary school years. Children in this age group start to identify themselves in terms of group memberships like 'I'm a first grader!' and compare themselves to their peers, recognizing their strengths and weaknesses. Children gain a sense of autonomy, start tasks on their own, and plan out their activities, which all contribute to a positive self-concept. Through social interactions and comparing themselves to others, they either develop a sense of competence or feelings of inferiority. This period corresponds with Erikson's stage of industry versus inferiority, where success in this developmental phase contributes to a child’s self-esteem and motivation. In conclusion, the development of self-concept is a critical aspect of childhood, influencing confidence, independence, and the willingness to try new activities. It is part of the broader process of identity formation that continues into adolescence when individuals further explore their personal identity and societal roles.