Final answer:
The two main features of scientific thinking are inductive and deductive reasoning, which support the structured process of the scientific method, including observation, hypothesis formulation, experimentation, and conclusion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two principal features of scientific thinking are inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning involves using specific observations to formulate general scientific principles. In contrast, deductive reasoning pertains to applying established principles to predict specific outcomes. These reasoning methods support the core practices of scientific inquiry which follows a structured approach known as the scientific method. This involves making observations, defining a problem, formulating hypotheses, conducting experiments, and drawing conclusions. Through a continuous cycle of hypothesis testing and experimentations, science progresses with peer-reviewed publications detailing the findings, furthering our understanding of the world.
Scientific thinking involves two principal features: inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning uses specific observations or results to generate general scientific principles, while deductive reasoning applies logical thinking to predict results based on established scientific principles or practices. Both types of reasoning are essential for conducting scientific investigations and form the basis of the scientific method, a step-by-step process that involves making observations, formulating hypotheses, conducting experiments, and drawing conclusions.