Final answer:
The new constitution proposed by the National Assembly instituted a constitutional monarchy, reducing the king's powers and basing authority on the citizens' will. It established the Legislative Assembly, outlined in the 1791 Constitution, aligning with Enlightenment ideals and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
Step-by-step explanation:
The National Assembly's new constitution, known as the Constitution of 1791, sought to transform the French government by establishing a constitutional monarchy. This new governmental framework proposed to dramatically diminish the powers of the monarchy and to promote the principles of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Among these principles were the rights to liberty, property, and the mandate for representative government, as well as equality before the law and freedom of expression.
The constitution outlined the creation of the Legislative Assembly, with the authority to govern France and develop legislative reform. King Louis XVI's title was altered to "King of the French", and his power was now derived from the citizens rather than divine right, though he still retained executive powers and a cabinet. However, Louis XVI's dissatisfaction with this new system spurred an attempted escape, which failed and had broader geopolitical repercussions. These events eventually led to his arrest and increased tensions in Europe.
During this time, the National Assembly was greatly influenced by Enlightenment ideals which were reflected in the declaration, affirming that all male citizens were equal and entitled to freedom of religion, and tax levies according to one's ability to pay. This underpinning drove the efforts to reform the French government and rectify social injustices.