Final answer:
The question focuses on business and finance, specifically federal laws that govern credit and lending practices, offering consumer protection and prohibiting discriminatory practices in lending.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question relates to various federal laws that regulate credit and lending practices in the United States. Fair Credit Billing Act (FCBA) and Truth in Lending Act (TILA) are both integral components of consumer protection in the credit market, ensuring that consumers are treated fairly and are informed about the costs associated with credit. The Credit Card Act, also known as the Credit CARD (Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure) Act of 2009, specifically provides protections for credit card users, such as advanced notification of rate increases and the right to opt out of certain changes in terms. Closed-End Credit Operations and Procedures generally refer to the terms and management of loans where the loan amount and repayment period are fixed, such as a mortgage or an auto loan. It is different from open-ended credit, like credit cards, where the available credit replenishes as payments are made. The Equal Credit Opportunity Act prohibits discrimination in lending based on protected characteristics and is another pillar in the framework that governs credit and lending.