Question

"If the state of a system is specified (temperature, pressure, volume, composition, etc.), then the _________ can be determined."

a) Internal energy (∆U)
b) Enthalpy change (∆H)
c) Gibbs free energy (∆G)
d) Entropy change (∆S)

Answer 1

The Gibbs free energy (∆G) can be determined if the state of a system is specified. It is used to determine the spontaneity of a process or reaction.

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct answer is c) Gibbs free energy (∆G).

The Gibbs free energy (∆G) is a thermodynamic quantity that is used to determine the spontaneity of a process or reaction. If the state of a system is specified (temperature, pressure, volume, composition, etc.), then the Gibbs free energy (∆G) can be determined. It is defined in terms of the system's enthalpy (H) and entropy (S) as follows:

G = H - TS

When ∆G is negative, the process is spontaneous. When ∆G is positive, the process is non-spontaneous. And when ∆G is zero, the process is at equilibrium.