Final answer:
The luminosity of a white dwarf star with a temperature of 13,000°C is likely to be in the same general range as a typical white dwarf like 40 Eridani B, which has a luminosity of roughly 1.393 x 10¹¹ watts. This value far exceeds all the answer options provided, indicating none are correct, with option d) 10,000,000 watts being the closest but still significantly off.
Step-by-step explanation:
The luminosity of a white dwarf star with a temperature of 13,000°C is not immediately clear from direct observation, but we can infer it through comparison with typical white dwarfs and their known properties. For example, one typical white dwarf, 40 Eridani B, has a surface temperature of about 12,000 K and has a luminosity of 1/275 Lsun. Given the similar temperatures, we might expect a white dwarf at 13,000°C (or approximately 13,300 K) to have a luminosity in the same general range. Since the luminosity of the sun, Lsun, is roughly 3.828 x 1026 W, 1/275 of that would be approximately 1.393 x 1024 W. This number is vastly greater than any of the provided options, which suggests that the probable luminosity of a white dwarf star is not correctly represented in options a) through d). White dwarfs emit a significant amount of energy, much more than several millions of watts, which are the highest options given. None of the provided answers (10 W, 1,000 W, 100,000 W, 10,000,000 W) accurately reflect the luminosity typically associated with white dwarfs; hence, the correct answer is not listed. With respect to the potential options, the closest (yet still incorrect by orders of magnitude) would be option d) 10,000,000 watts.