Final answer:
The Petition of Right influenced U.S. history by leading to the establishment of the Bill of Rights, contributing to the foundation of American civil liberties and fundamental legal protections.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Petition of Right had a significant impact on U.S. history as it established principles that would later be reflected in American constitutional government. Specifically, the Petition of Right influenced the American legal system by extending the rights of individuals and limiting the powers of the government, which resonates with the U.S. Bill of Rights. Therefore, the correct option is that the Petition of Right affected U.S. history by leading to the establishment of the Bill of Rights (Option 1). This historical document contributed to the development of the Bill of Rights by restraining the powers of the English monarchy and promoting the rule of law, aspects that are fundamental to the U.S. Constitution. It was a precursor to the English Bill of Rights of 1689 and later America's own Bill of Rights, which established essential civil liberties and helped define the relationship between the government and its citizens.