Final answer:
In 'In Memoriam A.H.H.' by Alfred, Lord Tennyson, the speaker realizes that the past is irreversible and his friend is gone forever, aligning with Option 3 as the most accurate interpretation.
Step-by-step explanation:
In "In Memoriam A.H.H.", the speaker grapples with the profound sense of loss and the permanence of the past. He experiences a painful realization that despite the immutable progression of time, the bond he holds with his friend endures in the present. However, among the options provided, the one that best captures this sentiment is Option 3: The past can never be recovered, and his friend is gone forever. This option aligns with the elegiac tone of Tennyson’s work, emphasizing the irreversible nature of loss and the longing for a past that cannot be revisited.