Final answer:
Judgments should be made based on a clear set of criteria relevant to the particular field or issue, with justice often serving as the primary criterion in legal contexts. These criteria contribute to the application of justice by guiding the consideration of evidence, precedents, community welfare, and the intent and consequences of actions.
Step-by-step explanation:
On the basis of what criteria should judgments be made? The answer to this question depends on several factors, including the nature of what is being evaluated and the values of the society or individuals making the judgment. Generally, judgments should be made based on a clear set of criteria that are relevant to the particular field or issue. For example, in the realm of ethics, welfare-based principles suggest that the level of welfare of people is the primary moral importance. In other contexts, different criteria may be more relevant, such as wisdom, justice, or fairness.
In legal contexts, the primary criterion for judgments is often justice, which includes interpreting and applying laws in a fair and impartial manner. It's important to understand that the criteria capable of guiding judgments contribute to the overall application of justice. This includes considering evidence, precedents, the welfare of the community, and the intent and consequences of actions within the framework of established laws. Sound reasoning and evidence are fundamental to making well-founded judgments.