Final answer:
Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism, was a prince who became enlightened and taught the 'middle way' to overcome suffering. His teachings spread widely and formed the basis of Buddhism, shaping spirituality, culture, and art across Asia and the world.
Step-by-step explanation:
Siddhartha Gautama, known as the founder of Buddhism, was an Indian prince who lived between the 6th and 5th century BCE. He embarked on a quest for spiritual enlightenment, abandoning the luxury of his royal life. After years of ascetic practices, he attained enlightenment under a sacred fig tree and became known as the Buddha, or 'enlightened one.' Buddha's teachings focused on overcoming suffering and the concept of no-self, and his religious doctrines became the foundation for Buddhism, a major world religion that has influenced cultures and civilizations for millennia.
Siddhartha Gautama's teachings spread far beyond India, thanks in part to the patronage of King Ashoka of the Mauryan dynasty. The conversion of Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE significantly contributed to the spread of Buddhism across Asia. Buddha's doctrine of the 'middle way' and enlightenment attracted many followers, establishing a monastic order and a rich tradition of art and philosophy throughout the world. The impact of the Buddha's life and teachings remains profound, particularly in the realms of spirituality, culture, and art.