Final answer:
It is false to say that Daoism lacks gods or goddesses; it actually incorporates many deities and spirits into its practice. While it emphasizes living in accord with the natural way, or dao, it also has a spiritual and religious dimension with its own pantheon.
Step-by-step explanation:
The claim that Daoism lacks any gods or goddesses and is therefore neither polytheistic nor monotheistic is false. Daoism, which developed in ancient China, indeed emphasizes the veneration of nature, the cosmos, and mysticism. It highlights living in harmony with the dao, which is the natural way of the universe. However, Daoism also incorporates a pantheon of gods and demons. Despite its general focus on a nontheological view of the world, Daoism allows for the worship of these deities and spirits associated with natural phenomena.
Moreover, Daoism has historically been practiced alongside other religious traditions such as Confucianism and Buddhism, where it has contributed to the rich tapestry of religious beliefs in the region. While Daoism may criticize certain aspects of Confucianism, such as the emphasis on conventional morality, it presents its moral framework rooted in naturalism and spontaneity. This demonstrates that Daoism's spirituality extends beyond abstract nontheistic principles, integrating elements of both philosophical thought and religious practice.