Question

Which type of evidence of evolution does the following represent?

Modern whales have a few small bones in their hip, which don't have any use.

a) Homologous structures
b) Analogous structures
c) Vestigial structures
d) Fossil record

Answer 1

Modern whales' hip bones are vestigial structures, once useful in ancestors but now functionless, providing evidence for evolution and past adaptations. correct answer is option c.

Step-by-step explanation:

The small bones found in the hips of modern whales that lack any apparent function are an example of vestigial structures. These structures are remnants from the whales' evolutionary ancestors and they provide evidence for the biological principle that species evolve over time. Unlike homologous structures, which reveal a common ancestry through shared form and function, or analogous structures, which come about due to similar environmental pressures but not from a common ancestor, vestigial structures are former adaptations that have become functionless as the species has evolved.

Examples of vestigial structures include the hind leg bones in whales, wings on flightless birds, and the sightless eyes of cave animals. The presence of vestigial structures helps scientists understand evolutionary paths and how current species are linked to their past forms.