Question

The way the Next Generation sequencing methodology that we talked about in the video works is:

1. By sequencing many copies of the same DNA fragment in parallel.
2. By using a chemical reaction to detect the release of pyrophosphate when a nucleotide is incorporated into a growing DNA strand.
3. By detecting the fluorescence emitted when a fluorescently labeled nucleotide is incorporated into a growing DNA strand.
4. All of the above.

Answer 1

Next Generation sequencing methodologies include multiple techniques such as sequencing DNA fragments in parallel, pyrophosphate detection upon nucleotide incorporation, and fluorescence detection from labeled nucleotides, making 'all of the above' the correct answer.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Next Generation sequencing methodology mentioned in the question operates through a combination of techniques: it sequences multiple copies of the same DNA fragment in parallel; uses chemical reactions to detect the release of pyrophosphate during nucleotide incorporation; and it detects fluorescence emitted from fluorescently labeled nucleotides as they are incorporated into a growing DNA strand.

Therefore, all of the above options are correct. This methodology has greatly accelerated molecular genetics research, allowing for the quick sequencing of millions of bases, which is key to understanding genomes. Using 454 sequencing as an example, this approach involves fragmenting DNA, amplifying it on beads via PCR, and detecting nucleotide incorporation through a light signal. Other technologies, such as Illumina's, use similar principles to achieve rapid DNA sequencing.