Final answer:
Cats' clavicles are small, S-shaped bones that lie horizontally across the front of the thorax and are part of the pectoral girdle. They allow for a vast range of forelimb movement, support the shoulder, transmit forces to the sternum, and protect underlying structures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The position of cats’ clavicles, or collarbones, is such that they allow for a significant range of movement in the upper limbs, contributing to the agility and flexibility that cats are known for. These clavicles are small, S-shaped bones that lie horizontally across the front of the thorax just above the first rib and are part of the pectoral girdle, which also includes the scapulae.
The clavicle operates independently from the scapula and is anchored to the axial skeleton by a single, highly mobile joint. This unique positioning and structure allows the cat to have an extensive range of motion in its forelimbs, thus facilitating their climbing and jumping skills. Furthermore, the clavicle serves as a strut that supports the shoulder and upper limb, transmits forces from the upper limb to the sternum and axial skeleton, and helps in protecting underlying nerves and blood vessels.