Question

Which of the following are violations of the conditions necessary for genetic equilibrium according to the Hardy-Weinberg principle? Select all that apply.

Multiple select question.
A) A population is known to consist of only of a few remaining individuals.
B) A population is isolated, with no immigration or emigration.
C) Mating within a population is random.
D) Mutations occur in the population.
E) Pressure from environmental change increases natural selection.

Answer 1

Violations of the Hardy-Weinberg principle necessary for genetic equilibrium include genetic drift from a small population size, restricted gene flow due to no immigration or emigration, mutations, and natural selection influenced by environmental pressures.

Step-by-step explanation:

According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, certain conditions must be met for a population to be in genetic equilibrium, meaning that allele frequencies in the population will remain constant over time. The violations of these conditions which lead to a population not being in genetic equilibrium include:

• A) A population consisting only of a few remaining individuals, which can lead to genetic drift due to the small population size.
• B) An isolated population with no immigration or emigration, which restricts gene flow.
• D) The occurrence of mutations within a population, which introduces new alleles into the gene pool.
• E) Environmental pressure increasing natural selection, where certain alleles are favored, altering allele frequencies.

Mating that is random (option C) is not a violation but rather one of the conditions necessary for maintaining genetic equilibrium.