Final answer:
To prevent reality shock in newcomers, organizations should offer a realistic job preview and conduct a formal orientation program that includes institutionalized socialization tactics such as mentoring, which help new employees integrate into the company culture effectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
To prevent newcomers from experiencing a reality shock when they join an organization, it is crucial to implement strategies that facilitate their transition. Providing a realistic job preview is one effective approach, as it sets the right expectations from the outset.
Additionally, having a formal orientation program, which is a comprehensive onboarding process, allows new employees to learn about the company's policies, practices, and culture, minimizing the risk of a psychological contract breach. An orientation program helps to clarify the values, priorities, structure, and services of the organization, as well as establish clear expectations for the roles of new employees.
Moreover, it's beneficial for an organization to use institutionalized socialization tactics, which include structured programs like mentoring, to assist new hires in acclimatizing to the workplace's social and cultural environment. These strategies are a form of investment in the employees' socialization into the workplace, ultimately leading to better job performance, satisfaction, and retention.
Thus, a well-designed orientation and mentoring program can significantly reduce reality shock for newcomers.