Final answer:
The concept of person-organization fit is best described as A) the match between an employee's personal values and the values of the organization. The correct answer is option a.
Step-by-step explanation:
Person-organization fit refers to A) the match between an employee's personal values and the values of the organization. This concept is deeply rooted in the field of Industrial-Organizational (I-O) Psychology where understanding the synergy between an individual and their workplace is critical for mutual success. Organizational culture encompasses the values, beliefs, attitudes, and systems that influence employee behavior and is integral to defining the employers' expectations and, by extension, employees.
During the hiring process, candidate analysis and testing are employed to evaluate a candidates' knowledge, skills, and other abilities to ensure they align with the job description. This may include personality tests to match personality characteristics with those required for optimal job performance, along with assessments such as IQ tests, integrity tests, and sometimes even physical tests.
However, there is also an understanding that too much homogeneity within an organization can suppress innovation and diversification. Diverse teams are valued for their ability to bring about novel solutions to complex problems, helping an organization grow and remain competitive. Therefore, while personnel selection may prioritize personalities that fit within the culture, room for skills development and training is often provided, as skills can be taught whereas personality traits are more enduring.
The overall goal is to secure the best person-job fit, which not only enhances job satisfaction but also contributes to the organization's success.