Final answer:
The correct answer is option b. Formalist and Hypocrisy in The Pilgrim's Progress likely seek to go to the Celestial City to escape punishment, depicting their lack of sincere faith and representing piety for appearances. True pilgrims in Bunyan's allegory seek spiritual salvation, in contrast to the pretentious motives of these characters.
Step-by-step explanation:
The characters Formalist and Hypocrisy in John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress seek to travel to the Celestial City, not for genuine spiritual reasons but rather due to ulterior motives. Considering the overall allegorical nature of the novel where each character represents different aspects of faith and morality, Formalist and Hypocrisy likely represent individuals who engage in religious practices for appearances rather than true belief or conviction.
Therefore, while the options presented might seem plausible, within the context of Bunyan's allegorical narrative, the most fitting answer to why Formalist and Hypocrisy are going to the Celestial City is likely B) To escape punishment. The characters do not truly understand or follow the spiritual journey they pretend to embark on.
In contrast, characters that truly seek the Celestial City in The Pilgrim's Progress do so out of a genuine desire for spiritual salvation and renewal, rather than the reasons of fame, glory (fame and glory), or purely intellectual pursuits (seek wisdom and knowledge). Bunyan's allegory serves to criticize those who are like Formalist and Hypocrisy, warning readers of the perils of having a façade of piety without true understanding or commitment to the spiritual journey.