Final answer:
The artist who exhibited a snow shovel with the phrase "In Advance of the Broken Arm" in 1915 is Marcel Duchamp. This work is connected to the Dada art movement, which challenged the traditional definitions of art through the use of ready-made objects.
Step-by-step explanation:
In 1915, the French artist Marcel Duchamp exhibited a snow shovel onto which he inscribed, "In Advance of the Broken Arm." This was a seminal work in the Dada art movement, confronting traditional notions of art with the presentation of ordinary manufactured objects as art. Duchamp, known for his association with Cubism and later Dadaism, sought to challenge the art world by selecting commonplace items, dubbing them as 'ready-mades', and repositioning them within the context of art.
Marcel Duchamp was a key figure in this transition, moving away from the painterly styles of Cubism to a more conceptual and philosophical approach to art that questioned the very nature of what art could be. His work "In Advance of the Broken Arm" is an example of this innovative direction, where the object itself was less important than the idea it conveyed.