Final answer:
RNA polymerase is the enzyme that handles the transcription of DNA into RNA, unwinding and rewinding DNA during this process.
Step-by-step explanation:
The enzyme responsible for carrying out all required steps in transcription is RNA polymerase. During transcription, RNA polymerase tracks along the DNA template, synthesizes mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction, and unwinds and then rewinds the DNA as it is read. This process differs from DNA replication, where enzymes such as DNA helicase, DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase play key roles. In contrast, RNA polymerase has the unique job of transcribing DNA into RNA, which is the first step in gene expression.
RNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for carrying out all the required steps in transcription. Transcription is the process by which the genetic information in DNA is used to synthesize RNA molecules. RNA polymerase binds to the DNA template strand and synthesizes an RNA molecule that is complementary to the DNA sequence.
For example, in prokaryotes like E. coli, RNA polymerase is composed of several subunits, including the core enzyme subunits and an initiation factor called sigma. Together, these subunits form the holoenzyme, which recognizes specific DNA sequences called promoters and initiates transcription.