Final answer:
Leonardo da Vinci used both chiaroscuro and sfumato, which is Italian for "smoky," to create depth and realism in his paintings. Chiaroscuro involves the contrast of light and dark, while sfumato is the technique of blending colors and tones to achieve a subtle transition. The correct answer to the student's question is B. Chiaroscuro & Sfumato.
Step-by-step explanation:
Leonardo da Vinci used both chiaroscuro and sfumato to achieve a stunning visual effect in his paintings. While chiaroscuro refers to the use of extreme contrast between light and dark to create the illusion of volume, sfumato, which means "smoky" in Italian, involves the subtle and gradual blending of colors and tones to make transitions between them almost imperceptible. This technique produces a rather shadowy and three-dimensional effect without visible transitions, contributing to the realistic and lifelike quality of da Vinci's work.
In answering the original question, the term that accompanies chiaroscuro and translates to "smoked" is B. Chiaroscuro & Sfumato. This term is used to describe the painting technique where hues transition gradually, creating a delicate and naturalistic shading that makes it difficult to discern where one tone ends and another begins. This method was famously applied by Leonardo da Vinci in works such as the Mona Lisa, where he achieved a soft integration of colors and tones that contributes to the portrait's lifelike presence and enigmatic expression.