Question

In the successful response to simple acute bacterial-induced inflammation, macrophages function in all of the following roles except:

Option 1: Phagocytosis of bacteria.
Option 2: Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Option 3: Activation of cytotoxic T cells.
Option 4: Antigen presentation to helper T cells.

Answer 1

Macrophages function in all of the mentioned roles except the activation of cytotoxic T cells.

Step-by-step explanation:

In the successful response to simple acute bacterial-induced inflammation, macrophages function in all of the following roles except:

1. Phagocytosis of bacteria: Macrophages are immune cells that are specialized in engulfing and destroying bacteria through the process of phagocytosis. They recognize and engulf pathogens to prevent further infection.
2. Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines: Macrophages produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are signaling molecules that promote inflammation. This is an important response to infection as it helps recruit other immune cells to the site of infection.
3. Activation of cytotoxic T cells: Macrophages play a role in activating cytotoxic T cells by presenting antigens derived from pathogens to the T cells. This interaction helps initiate an immune response specifically targeted against infected cells.
4. Antigen presentation to helper T cells: Macrophages are antigen-presenting cells that present antigens to helper T cells. This interaction is crucial for the activation of adaptive immune responses.

Based on the options provided, the correct answer is Option 3: Activation of cytotoxic T cells. Macrophages do not directly activate cytotoxic T cells; they present antigens to helper T cells, which in turn activate cytotoxic T cells. Therefore, this role is not directly performed by macrophages.