Final answer:
Health care payers include Medicare, Medicaid, and HMOs, each employing different models of financing health care, from government-funded insurance programs to per-patient reimbursement systems. The ACA is also a significant player in healthcare cost management and insurance coverage.
Step-by-step explanation:
Examples of health care payers include various entities that finance or reimburse the cost of health services. These include Medicare, which primarily offers insurance to people over sixty-five years old. Another example is Medicaid, a public healthcare system that provides coverage for low-income individuals and families.
Additionally, private sector health care payers encompass entities like nonprofit health organizations, private hospitals, and health maintenance organizations (HMOs). Each of these payers has a different approach to financing healthcare. Medicare and Medicaid operate under government funding, while HMOs manage healthcare costs through a per-patient reimbursement model, which is different from the traditional fee-for-service health financing system.
Also instrumental in health care payment and reform in the United States is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA or Obamacare), which has a goal to reduce healthcare costs and increase insurance coverage among Americans.