Final answer:
Changes in the Moon's orbit due to shifting plates do not provide evidence for plate tectonics. Evidence includes sediment cores, hotspots, and measurements of plate motions, all reflecting the influence of tectonic plate movement on Earth's geology.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question seeks to identify which option does not provide evidence supporting the theory of plate tectonics. Among the given options, changes in the Moon's orbit due to shifting plates (a) does not support plate tectonics. Evidence for this theory includes ocean floor sediment cores (b), hotspots (c), and measurements of plate motions using technologies like GPS and VLBI (d). These are direct observations and measurements related to the motion and interaction of Earth's plates.
The theory of plate tectonics explains the movement of Earth's outer layer and is fundamental to our understanding of geological features such as mountain building, earthquakes, and the creation of island chains like Hawaii. The movement of tectonic plates is governed by the dynamics within Earth's mantle, affecting the lithosphere and resulting in various geological phenomena. Physics aids in the prediction of these plate motions, which directly impact the planet's geography.
Additional evidence for plate tectonics includes the distribution of fossils, rock layers, and the presence of geological activity like volcanic eruptions. These phenomena are all results of the dynamic nature of Earth's surface, influenced by the underlying plate movements.