Final answer:
Producer surplus is the difference between what producers are paid and their costs when selling a product. For Fizzy-pop priced at $1.00, the surplus from the 20,000th soda is greater than $0.00, as producers would have been willing to supply at a lower price but are able to sell at the market price.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept of producer surplus reflects the benefit producers receive when they sell a product for more than the minimum amount they are willing to accept. In the scenario where the market price of Fizzy-pop is $1.00 per soda, and considering the supply curve information provided, the producer surplus from the 20,000th soda is indeed more than $0.00. Producer surplus is indicated by the area between the market price and the supply curve, representing the difference between what producers are paid and their costs.
Producer surplus arises when producers sell goods at a higher price than their minimum acceptable price represented on the supply curve. So, in the example provided where firms are willing to supply at a lower price, such as the given $45 but can sell at the equilibrium market price, their surplus is represented by the area labeled G in Figure 3.23.