Question

Q5. For each statement describing hormonal effects, identify the hormone(s) involved by choosing a number from key \( A \), and note the hormone's site of production with a letter from key B. More tha

Answer 1

The question deals with the endocrine system and hormonal effects on the body, including the fight-or-flight response, the diverse production sites of sex hormones, and the description of hormone action and disorders such as diabetes and hyperthyroidism.

Step-by-step explanation:

The endocrine system comprises various glands that produce essential hormones, which act as chemical messengers within the body. These hormones are significant for maintaining homeostasis and regulating a range of critical processes and systems. For instance:

• The adrenal gland is crucial in the fight-or-flight response, producing adrenaline (epinephrine).
• Sex hormones, like androgens and estrogen, are produced not only by the gonads but also by other glands such as the adrenal cortex.
• Estrogen is capable of traveling into the nucleus of a cell to exert its effects.
• Non-steroid hormones often rely on second messenger molecules because they are not lipid-soluble and cannot directly cross cell membranes to reach intracellular targets.
• A hormonal chemical messenger function is to bind to specific receptors and initiate biological responses, ranging from metabolism management to growth and stress response.
• Symptoms like excessive thirst and urination could suggest the endocrine disorder diabetes mellitus.
• Conditions like hyperthyroidism can affect the levels of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH).
• Negative feedback mechanisms are more adept at maintaining homeostasis.
• Testosterone generally binds to intracellular receptors because it is lipid-soluble.

Hormones can indeed influence gene expression.

Disorders can arise from both overproduction and underproduction of hormones. For example, too much thyroid hormone leads to hyperthyroidism, affecting TSH levels, while hypersecretion of cortisol can result in Cushing's syndrome. Hormones like cortisol, thyroid hormone, and glucagon all play a role in regulating metabolism. Understanding the intricacies of the endocrine system and hormone activity is vital for accurately diagnosing and treating endocrine disorders.

Answer 2

Based on the information provided, here is a clear and concise breakdown of the hormonal effects and their associated hormones:

1. Basal metabolism hormone: Key A - 8 (GH); Key B - h (anterior pituitary)

2. Helps program the immune system: Key A - 17 (thymosin); Key B - g (thymus gland)

3. Regulates blood calcium levels: Key A - 15 (PTH); Key B - c (parathyroid glands)

4. Released in response to stressors: Key A - 4 (epinephrine); Key B - b (adrenal medulla)

Step-by-step explanation:

Let's provide a clear and concise breakdown of the hormonal effects and their associated hormones based on the given information:

1. Basal metabolism hormone:

- Key A: 8 (GH)

- Key B: h (anterior pituitary)

2. Helps program the immune system:

- Key A: 17 (thymosin)

- Key B: g (thymus gland)

3. Regulates blood calcium levels:

- Key A: 15 (PTH)

- Key B: c (parathyroid glands)

4. Released in response to stressors:

- Key A: 4 (epinephrine)

- Key B: b (adrenal medulla)

Your question is incomplete, but most probably the full question was:

For each statement describing hormonal effects, identify the hormonals involved by choosing a number from key and note the hormone's site of production with a letter from key B. Key A- Key B А. АСТН 11. melatonin a adrenal cortex 2 ADH 12. oxytocin b adrenal medulla a aldosterone 18. progesterone c. anterior pituitary 4. epinephrine 14. prolactin hypothalamus 5 estrogens 15. PTH 0. ovaries 6 FSH 16. testosterone pancreas 7 glucagon 17 thymosin g. parathyroid glands 8 GH 18. T4/T