Final answer:
Option (d) Family commitment best represents the idea that women's responsibility towards their children could limit their corporate commitment. This issue is related to the 'glass ceiling' and 'motherhood penalty' concepts, which describe barriers that women face in their careers, often due to societal expectations around gender roles and family responsibilities.
Option 'd' is the correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement in question suggests a view that women's commitment to their children might limit their commitment to the company or their capability to handle the challenges of corporate management. This conception is part of a wider discussion on gender discrimination in the workplace and is best encapsulated by option (d) Family commitment.
The Glass Ceiling is a concept referring to the invisible barriers that prevent women from rising to the highest positions in corporate management. Despite progress over the years, women are still underrepresented in executive roles. The challenges women face due to the responsibility of child-rearing are sometimes described as the "motherhood penalty", a phenomenon observed in many higher-income countries. This contrasts with the "fatherhood premium", where men's careers often benefit from fatherhood.
Historically, traditional gender roles have posed significant challenges to women's career progression, with expectations around motherhood and family duties being a central aspect of such discrimination. These social patterns affect women's representation in higher-level positions across industries, leading to fewer opportunities and lower levels of pay when compared to their male counterparts who do not endure the same prejudice for their familial roles.
Work-Family Conflict
Research shows that women often report higher levels of stress from work-family conflict, which is the tension arising from the competing demands of work and family responsibilities. When women face the prospect of balancing family priorities such as childcare, elder care, and household management with their professional ambitions, the resulting stress can inhibit their career growth.
Societal and Organizational Change
As society evolves, more egalitarian conditions for males and females in the workforce are emerging, and the societal construct of family responsibilities is changing. Organizations are under ethical and legal pressure to promote equity among all genders. It is through a variety of measures, including challenging societal discrimination patterns, advocating for shared domestic responsibilities, and creating inclusive workplaces, that progress toward gender equity can be achieved.