Final answer:
The diploid number for the red panda, with a haploid number of 18, is 36, representing the total number of chromosomes in its somatic cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
The haploid chromosome number for the red panda is 18. The diploid number, which is the total number of chromosomes in a somatic cell, is simply twice the haploid number. Thus, for the red panda, the diploid number would be 18 times 2, which equals 36. Diploid organisms have two copies of each chromosome, one from each parent, ensuring genetic diversity and a complete complement of chromosomes. During gametogenesis, halves of this chromosome number are produced so that when two gametes fuse during fertilization, the proper diploid number is restored. Any deviation from the precise diploid number, such as that seen in aneuploidy, can result in genetic disorders or developmental issues.