Final answer:
Cholesterol is a sterol with amphipathic properties, integrated into cell membrane phospholipid bilayers, and is a precursor for steroid hormones, Vitamin D, and bile salts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The chemical properties of cholesterol include it being a sterol, which is a type of steroid molecule with a polar hydroxyl (OH) group at the 3-position on the A-ring, rendering it amphipathic. Cholesterol is largely hydrophobic due to its hydrocarbon body but has a hydrophilic head, which allows it to integrate within the phospholipid bilayer of animal cell membranes. It provides structural integrity and fluidity to the membrane.
Cholesterol serves as a precursor for several important molecules. It is essential for the synthesis of steroid hormones, such as testosterone and estradiol, which are vital for numerous biological functions. Furthermore, it is a precursor for Vitamin D and bile salts, where the latter aids in the emulsification and absorption of dietary fats. Its role in the body is critical, and while high levels can lead to health issues, it is necessary for proper cellular function.