Final answer:
The first action a phlebotomist should take upon witnessing a coworker receive an electrical shock is to shut off the power to the instrument. This prevents further injury and allows for safe provision of aid. Following this, they should call for medical help or 911.
Step-by-step explanation:
A phlebotomist (phleb) who sees a coworker receive a major electrical shock from an instrument must first ensure their own safety before attempting to help the coworker. The first action should be to shut off the power to the instrument, cutting off the source of the electric current. This helps prevent further electrical injury to the coworker and anyone else providing assistance. Once it is safe, they should call for medical help or 911 if the situation is severe and requires urgent medical attention.
The hazards of electrical shock can be severe, including loss of muscular control, heart fibrillation, and possibly death. Electricity is more dangerous when there is a path to the ground, and special precautions, like wearing insulated shoes, can help prevent this dangerous situation. Circuit breakers and fuses are designed to protect against larger currents that can be harmful and are an essential component of electrical safety systems. When dealing with an electric shock situation, it is crucial to remember that immediate de-energization of the equipment is paramount.