Final answer:
Nationalism in the 1800s had a significant overall effect on Europe, leading to the unification of Italy and Germany, and influencing the rise of France and Russia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The overall effect of nationalism on Europe in the 1800s was significant, particularly in France, Germany, Italy, and Russia. Nationalism led to the unification of both Italy and Germany, which were previously fragmented into various regions and kingdoms. In France, nationalism fueled a sense of pride and propelled the country to become a dominant force in Europe. In Russia, nationalism contributed to the consolidation of power and the expansion of the empire. Overall, nationalism played a crucial role in reshaping the political map of Europe.