Final answer:
Marx's theories explain how economic systems and class distinctions create social inequality, while Du Bois's theories argue that both race and class distinctions drive social inequality.
Step-by-step explanation:
Marx's theories are primarily focused on explaining how economic systems and class struggles perpetuate social inequality, while Du Bois's theories focus on how race and class distinctions perpetuate inequality. Karl Marx believed that society is divided into two main groups: the bourgeoisie, who own the means of production, and the proletariat, who work for them. This relationship forms the basis of the economic conflict that Marx suggests leads to social stratification and inequality. On the other hand, W.E.B. Du Bois added dimensions of race to the classic examination of class conflict, observing that race also plays a critical role in creating and perpetuating social disparities.
Marxism positions economic power and control of production as the central factors in societal stratification. Du Bois, however, critiqued the conflict theory for failing to sufficiently address racial dynamics, including the interplay between race, class, and wage distinctions, even among marginalized groups. He argued that race is an additional, powerful factor in the generation and maintenance of social inequality beyond mere class distinctions.