Final answer:
Artificial selection in agriculture does not directly result in the use of synthetic pesticides, which unlike the breeding process, are not a part of artificial selection's outcomes like improved crop yield, resistance, and nutritional value.
Step-by-step explanation:
Artificial selection is the intentional breeding of plants or animals by humans to enhance specific traits. In agriculture, artificial selection has led to numerous benefits, such as improved yield from crops, increased resistance to environmental stresses, and enhanced nutritional qualities of food crops. However, one outcome that is not a direct result of artificial selection is the use of synthetic pesticides to control parasites and plant diseases. While synthetic pesticides can be a part of the agricultural process, they do not come about through the breeding practices associated with artificial selection.
Over the centuries, humans have carefully chosen and bred plants and animals with desirable traits. For example, through artificial selection, dogs have been bred into numerous distinct breeds, and plants like broccoli, cabbage, and kale have been derived from a wild mustard species. Contrary to artificial selection, which is human-guided, natural selection relies on environmental pressures that lead to certain traits becoming more common in a population. Yet both forms of selection lead to genetic changes and can improve a species' adaptation to its environment.