Final answer:
Sex hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone, play important roles in bone growth. They promote osteoblastic activity and the production of bone matrix, and are responsible for the adolescent growth spurt.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sex hormones (estrogen in girls, testosterone in boys) play important roles in bone growth. These hormones promote osteoblastic activity and the production of bone matrix. They are responsible for the growth spurt that often occurs during adolescence and also promote the conversion of the epiphyseal plate to the epiphyseal line, thus ending the longitudinal growth of bones.
Additionally, calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, stimulates the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the digestive tract.