Final answer:
The vomiting centre can be triggered by a variety of stimuli, including toxins in the bloodstream, motion sickness, and emotional stress. It is regulated by the area postrema, solitary nucleus, and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve. These areas work together to initiate the vomiting reflex.
Step-by-step explanation:
The vomiting centre controls vomiting triggered by various stimuli such as toxins, motion, and emotional stress. It is a complex reflex that involves the area postrema of the brain, which is situated next to the fourth ventricle. The area postrema is not protected by the blood-brain barrier, allowing it to detect toxins in the bloodstream and subsequently stimulate emesis. Connections between the area postrema, the solitary nucleus, and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve are critical in the coordination of the vomiting reflex.
Motion sickness can trigger vomiting when there is conflicting information between the visual and vestibular systems. Emotional stress and digestive tract irritants, including viruses and food poisoning, can also stimulate the vomiting center in the medulla.